Legal Research

Independent Research

Detail of microscopic biological structures

The Architecture of Biological Ageing

Working Paper · 2026

This working paper examines whether biological ageing is best understood as accumulated damage, loss of regulatory control, or a systems-level reorganization of biological function. It compares major mechanistic and systems-level accounts, traces the causal relationships they propose, and asks which explanatory levels can be integrated into a coherent architecture. The aim is to use the existing research record to identify structural relationships that individual experimental literatures may not make explicit.

The paper will be available here once deposited or published.

Research Method

The work defines contested terms, separates descriptive findings from causal claims, identifies evidentiary thresholds and exceptions, compares rival models, and tests whether broader conclusions follow from the underlying record. The independent biological research does not present primary experimental results; it seeks a conceptually rigorous synthesis of existing literature.